Aqeedah of Tawheed Quran Ayats on oneness of Allah and Categorization by Scholars

                     MODULE BASED ISLAMIC AQEEDAH    

                                                 LESSON                          
                     
                                       MODULE : 3 

                AQEEDAH OF TAWHEED (Oneness Of Allah)

1. Importance of Tawheed.
2. Categorization of Tawheed by Scholars (with one clarification)
3. Some of the Quranic Ayats describing Tawheed.

Islam is based on Five pillars and Kalima Shahadah is the central Pillar. Kalima Shahdah entails two basic principle Tawheed and Risalah. Beltef in the Oneness of Allah and Prophecy of Muhammad SAW.

Tawheed is the anchor sheet of Islam, it is the core of Islam, it is what Islam stands for, and it is the reason why Allah created us. All prophets and messengers were sent with the message of Tawheed. And the biggest caller of Tawheed was Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.

In the Aqeedah knowledge of Ahle Sunnat Wal Jamaat the refrence book is Aqeedatut Tahawi, of Imam Tahawi Muhaddith and Haanafi Jurist(D 321 A.H. ). Its commentry has been written by 

Importance of Tawheed

Ibn Abi Al Izz Al Damishqi (D 792 A.H.) in Sharah Aqeedatut Tahawi starts with this sentence about Importance of Tawheed. (Page No 1)

 One must know that tawheed is the first matter the prophets preached. It is the first step on the path and the first stage of the journey to Allah. Allah stated, "We sent Noah to his people and he said, 'My people, serve Allah; you have no other god than He" [7:59]. Hud said similar words to his people, "Serve Allah, there is no god for you but He" [7:65]. Salil) said to his people, "Worship Allah as you have no god but He" [7:73]. Shu'ayb said to his people, "Worship Allah; you have no god but He" [7:85]. Allah also says, "We sent to every community a prophet saying, 'Worship Allah and avoid false gods" [16:36], and, "Not a messenger did We send before you (Mul)ammad) without Our. revealing to him that there is no god but I, so worship and serve Me" [21 :25]. The . Prophet (peace be on him) also stated, "I have been commanded to fight people until they accept that there is no god but Allah and that

Muhammad is His prophet."} Page NO 1

He further writes (Page NO 2)

With tawheedd one enters into Islam, and with it one will depart from this world. The Prophet (peace be on him) said, "He whose last words are 'There is no god except Allah,' will enter Paradise. It is, therefore, the first duty and the last duty. tawheed is, then, the beginning of the matter and its end.  .

So everyone should  have a firm and correct belief in Tawheed.

Categorization of Tawheed

Here It is important to be clarified that ........

1.      This classification is by scholars for better and easy understanding purpose .

2.      These term and  classification/Categorisation of Tawheed is not from Quran and Hadith. This division of Tawheed into two/three is not from The Messenger of Allah or from Sahba.

3.      Although its meaning  is established from Quran and Hadith.

4.      One must not get confused about there being  categories. Essentially all  categories fall within the single term of Tawheed. Rather all the categories are all connected to Allah.Simple word Tawheed also encompass all these. 

5.      It is incorrect to say that if someone is not using these term that mean his Aqeedah/Emaan/Yaqeen/belief is weak. This claim is not CORRECT and acceptable. Sahabas did not use these classification but their Imaan was most strong. 

Ibne Abi Al Izz has classified into two

1.   Tawheed al-ilahiyyah, or the belief in the unity of God the oneness of His Godhead, that Allah alone is to be worshiped, and no one else is to be worshiped.and matters concerning to attributes of Allah .

2.      Tawheedar-rububiyyah (the oneness of His Lordship), which states that Allah alone create everything; and hold everything.


Some Other cholars has divided into three categories.

1.     Tawheed ul-Uluhiyyah/Ibaadah  (Tawheed of Worship)

Tawheed of Worship means that all acts of worship belong to Allah alone, and no one else. All acts of worship Ibadah are purely and sincerely for Allah, not for idols, not for any Prophet, not for any Aulia Allah ,not for the universe, not for anything except the one Allah.

2.     Tawheed al-Rubbubiyyah   (Tawheed of Lordship)

Tawheed of Lordship means that you believe that there is only one  God, namely Allah, and that there are no other gods or goddesses. All form of Ibadah and Worship is only for Allah.It also means that all power, creation, and such things belong to Allah alone, for instance Allah alone is the creator of everything we see around us, and it is he who is in full control of them, and it is he who controls life and death and all such matters, and not anyone including our money/Position/ materialistic resources/worldpowers or any human or devine help other than Allah  else.

3.     Tawheed al-Asmaat wa-Sifaat (Tawheed of Allah's names and Attributes).

Tawheed al-Asmaat wa-Sifaat is the Tawheed of Allah's unique and exclusive Names and Attributes, this means a Muslim affirms a Name of Allah, and affirms that this Name is unique and exclusive to Allah alone, not for anyone else, and not for anyone else to be named with.

For example one of Allah's names is the All Knowing, this Name is unique for him alone because Allah is the only one who is All Knowing, and perfect in his knowledge, there is no created being who has such an attribute. The same applies to all of Allah's names, they are unique for him alone, and not for others.

Some of the Quranic Ayats describing Tawheed.

That is Allah, your Lord! there is no god but He, the Creator of all things: then worship ye Him: and He hath power to dispose of all affairs. (6:102)

To Allah do belong the unseen (secrets) of the heavens and the earth, and to Him goeth back every affair (for decision): then worship Him, and put thy trust in Him: and thy Lord is not unmindful of aught that ye do. (11:123)

Verily your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, and is firmly established on the throne (of authority), regulating and governing all things. No intercessor (can plead with Him) except after His leave (hath been obtained). This is Allah your Lord; Him therefore serve ye: will ye not receive admonition? (10:3)

He has created the heavens and the earth for just ends: Far is He above having the partners (in worship)  they ascribe to Him! (16:3)

He is the Living (One): There is no god but He: Call upon Him, giving Him sincere devotion. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds! (40:65)

Say: He is Allah, the One and Only (112:1)

And your Allah is One Allah: There is no god but He, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. (2:163)

Your Allah is one Allah: as to those who believe not in the Hereafter, their hearts refuse to know, and they are arrogant. (16:22)

Behold! verily to Allah belong all creatures, in the heavens and on earth. What do they follow who worship as His "partners" other than Allah? They follow nothing but fancy, and they do nothing but lie. (10:66)

Allah created the heavens and the earth in true (proportions): verily in that is a Sign for those who believe. (29:44)

To Allah belong all things in heaven and earth: verily Allah is He (that is) free of all wants, worthy of all praise. (31:26)

Such is Allah, your Lord, the Creator of all things, there is no god but He: Then how ye are deluded away from the Truth! (40:62)

It is Allah Who has made the Night for you, that ye may rest therein, and the days as that which helps (you) to see. Verily Allah is full of Grace and Bounty to men: yet most men give no thanks. (40:61)

Of Allah, to Whom do belong all things in the heavens and on earth! But alas for the Unbelievers for a terrible penalty (their Unfaith will bring them)!- (14:2)

It is Allah Who hath created the heavens and the earth and sendeth down rain from the skies, and with it bringeth out fruits wherewith to feed you; it is He Who hath made the ships subject to you, that they may sail through the sea by His command; and the rivers (also) hath He made subject to you. And He hath made subject to you the sun and the moon, both diligently pursuing their courses; and the night and the day hath he (also) made subject to you. (14:32-33)

The most beautiful names belong to Allah: so call on him by them (7:180)

Allah's names are also beautiful and perfect:

The most beautiful names belong to Allah (7:180)

He is Allah, the Creator, the Evolver, the Bestower of Forms (or Colours). To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names (59:24)

Allah! there is no god but He! To Him belong the most Beautiful Names. (20:8)

Lastly, there is no one that is comparable to Allah, there is nothing like him, his names and attributes are unique to him alone:

And there is none like unto Him. (112:4)

 (He is) the Creator of the heavens and the earth: He has made for you pairs from among yourselves, and pairs among cattle: by this means does He multiply you: there is nothing whatever like unto Him, and He is the One that hears and sees. (42:11)

Belief in Allah and Tauheed (One ness of Allah)

Allah says in the Qur'an:

 "He is the Lord of the heavens and the Earth and all that is in between them, so worship Him and be patient in His worship; do you know any equal to Him?" (19:65).

Tauheed is anchor sheet for a muslim

Obviously the most important of a muslim life is Tauheed (the oneness of Allah), this is like base and anchor sheet of Iman as all beliefs and actions are the command of Allah so tauheed and Iman of a muslim should be very firm and strong. He should have strong YAQEEN in his heart that only Allah has power to do the things.

ALLAH SAYS IN QURAN

"Allah there is no God but He, the Living, the Everlasting. Slumber does not seize Him, neither sleep; to Him belongs all that is in the heavens and the Earth. Who is there that shall intercede with Him except by His permission? He knows what is before them and what is behind them, and they do not encompass anything of His knowledge except what He wills. His throne extends over the heavens and the Earth, the preservation of them does not burden Him; He is the High, the Great" (2:255).

He has no associate in His divinity, His God ship, His names, or His attributes.

Allah says

 "He is Allah, there is no god but He, the Knower of the Unseen and the Visible. He is the Most Gracious, Most Merciful. He is Allah, there is no God but He, the King, the Holy One, the Source of Peace, the Keeper of Faith, the Guardian, the Almighty, the Subduer, the Sublime. Glory be to Allah above what they associate with Him. He is Allah, the Creator, the Maker, the Shaper. His are the most beautiful Names. All that is in the heavens and the Earth glorifies Him. He is the Almighty, the Wise" (59:22-4).

Allah is the only master of benefit & loss

 Only Allah is the master of all happening benefit /loss. If he wills to give benefit/ make successful all the powers and superpowers cannot prevent it. If decides to keep in loss/make unsuccessful no superpower can save. He should have yaqeen that any person, any relation,any position,any degree,any amount of wealth,  cannot help unless Allah wills for that. Success is not in Kingship as Firaun failed in kingship, not in wealth as Qarun failed in wealth.

Allah can bring disgrace even in the presence of kingdom and wealth, and he can bring honour even in the state of dire poverty.

A human's internal treasure is his yaqeen (Faith), and his a’mal (action); if his inner actions are good then Allah will create a state of inner success, even if material possession is totally exhausted.
Whatever is made by Allah is under Allah’s. He owns everything. He uses everything and Allah can change shapes of everything by his power and he can change their qualities without changing their shapes. He can change a stick into a snake and a snake into a stick. Similarly he controls everything whether land (kingdom) or wealth, electrical or gaseous. He uses these things as he likes. He can bring about destruction from the means of creations and he can show creation from the means of destruction.He runs the system of sustenance. If he wishes he can sustain somebody in a barren desert without any source of material and he can spoil life even in the midst of plenty of materials.

DEMAND OF LA ILAHA ILLALLAH

La ilaha illallah demands a change of our faith and zazba, (thoughts, temperament),and our ways. Just by changing the yaqeen (faith) Allah has promised a paradise many times the size of this universe. Allah will subdue (bring under our control) all those materials from which we have changed our faith.

Dawah is to bring Yaqeen on Tauheed

To acquire this yaqeen in our life.We have to invite (dawaah) others for this yaqeen. Explain the greatness of Allah and explain the kudrat (power) of Allah. To describe his rububiyat (the

total sustenance and maintenance power) we will have to relate incidents from the lives of the prophets and companions.

2. We will have to think about it in solitude and get this same yaqeen to enter in

our heart, to which we gave dawaah in gatherings. That is the truth.

3. And then we have to cry to Allah, beg him to grant us the reality of this yaqeen.

It is  an integral part of a Muslim life, so he starts his  life with Tawheed and  ends his life with Tawheed. So we should pray Allaah to make the statement of Laa ilaaha lila Allaah) our last words in this world. And we should firm our faith in heart that only Allah is the  Still it is not enough ,a muslim duty is also to call mankind towards tauheed and strong Yaqeen  as The Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace be on him) is the last prophet and no prophet will come till the day of judgment.And the ummah of Hazrat Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) has been assigned the duty to reach with this massage to whole mankind.